THE WRONG WAY (A) AND THE RIGHT WAY (B)
TO APPLY FORCE TO THE CLUB WHEN YOU SWING
This is an instruction
for golfers who choose to "swing" their club,
and even if you are a "hitter," things you need to know.
The above diagrams
represent the perspective of an observer looking at the positions of the
downswing of a right handed golfer from face on.
The centers
of the circles in the diagram represent the left shoulder. All of the radii
represent the left arm (with a club in the left hand) in various stages of
downswing starting from the top until the club gets to the ball, positioned
opposite the golfer's left ear. The tiny arrow points represent the direction
that pressure or force is applied by the right hand. The shoulder will be moved
by the pivot, but for purposes of this instruction, that movement and force is
ignored. This instruction is for the purpose of showing what happens to the
head of the golf club in A, where you exert pressure with your right hand
against the shaft - outward from your shoulder, and in B,
where you do not allow any pressure against the shaft in that way, but
apply pressure with your right hand to move the left
hand faster in its circle around the shoulder. Power is applied to the left
hand, not the club itself, using the base of the right wristbone pressing
against the top of the left thumb, to help the left hand move along its arc
around the shoulder fulcrum. The very nature of this kind of circular motion
causes the clubhead gradually to catch up to the hand, without requiring any
force whatsoever to be applied to the side of the shaft as it is in diagram A.
Force to the club is lengthwise, not sideways. There is a 90 degree
difference in this "force vector," as that is expressed scientifically.
Compare diagram A & B: as the left hand moves down. In A the angle between the club and the left arm immediately starts to increase, so when the hand is about the height of the golfer’s right pocket, the clubhead has already moved closer to the ball (about waist high) than will be the case in B where it is higher—quite a bit above the waist. In the next position, in A the clubshaft has just about caught up to the arm and the club head isn't moving must faster than the golfer's hand; but in B at the same moment, the clubshaft is parallel to the ground-with the clubhead much further from the ball. In the last position shown, the clubhead in A is moving into impact at about half the speed it is moving in B--notice how much further the club travels in B than it moves in A (twice as far) during the same interval. Not because the A golfer is less strong, but because he is pushing the clubshaft--sideways, while the B golfer is pushing the left hand down--getting force to the club in an entirely different direction--lengthwise. The A golfer's force is against the SIDE of the shaft--to press it sideways. The B golfer's force against the hand acts to move the END of the shaft lengthwise, and the club head catches up without the golfer having to push the shaft into the ball. It gets thrown into the ball from momentum and what we call "centrifugal force."
For this reason it is counterproductive to push against the shaft to move IT deliberately, or to allow any unintended pressure to move it. Neither the right palm, fingers, nor the trigger finger must be allowed to press the shaft, because no matter how little any pressure might be, it will increase the left arm/clubshaft angle prematurely, and in the process dilute the mechanical advantage of the clubhead catching up LATER in this manner. THE DIFFERENCE IN CLUBHEAD AND BALL SPEED IS ENORMOUS--as much as 2 to 1 in some cases.
If you are a golfer who prefers to “hit” by applying sideways force or pressure against the shaft itself as in A, in order to maximize the efficiency of your motion, you may need to make a shorter swing as a means of controlling that force so that you do not "waste the mechanical advantage" of the wrist-cock before impact-the concept that is the central theme of this instruction. If you are basically a "swinger," and you wish to add force from the right palm against the shaft, again you will have to monitor such pressure for the same reason-but more likely you will simply not be able to sense or control any additional exertions from wrists or forearms. "Swingers" include Jack Nicklaus, who by his own words reports that his hands "just hold on" during release. "Hitters" are in touch with the pressure of their right palm against the shaft, and sensed in the crook of their right index (trigger) finger, where they report feeling the drag of the head of the club--a sensation not unlike the feeling of dragging a wet mop on the floor.